What are Bricks?
Bricks are one of the oldest building materials and it’s extensively used at present as a loading material in construction methods because of its durability, strength, reliability, low cost, easy availability, etc.
Bricks are manufactured by molding burnt clay or a mixture of sand and lime or of Portland cement concrete, in rectangular blocks of uniform size, and then drying and burning these blocks.
What are the uses of Bricks?
Bricks are used for building-up exterior and interior walls, partitions, piers, footings, and other load bearing structures.
What are the sizes of the Bricks?
Standard size of the Brick (known as Modular Brick)- 19*9*9cm and 19*9*4cm.
Nominal Size of the Brick (With Mortar)- 20*10*10cm
What should be the weight of Bricks?
The weight of the Bricks should be 3kg.
What is a Frog in Bricks?
Indent in a brick is called Frog, which should be 1-2cm deep. Size of the frog should be 10*4*1cm.
What is the purpose of providing Frog?
Purpose of providing frog is to form a key holding the mortar, and therefore the bricks are laid with frogs on top.
Why to choose Bricks over Stone?
- Bricks are great fire resistant while Stones are less.
- Bricks of good quality shall have thin mortar bonds.
- Due to modular shape and size more space can be saved.
- Can be used in cantilever wall because it is light in weight.
- Connections and openings can be made easily comparatively.
- Bricks of good quality are more durable.
- No complicated lifting devices are required as in stonework.
- Cost of Construction is less in brickwork as less skilled labour required.
What are the types of Bricks?
- First Class Bricks
- Second Class Bricks
- Third Class Bricks
- Fourth Class Bricks
Bureau of Indian Standard (BIS) has also classified the bricks on the basis of compressive strength
| Class Designation | Average Compressive Strength not less than (N/mm2) |
| 35 | 35.0 |
| 30 | 30.0 |
| 25 | 25.0 |
| 20 | 20.0 |
| 17.5 | 17.5 |
| 15 | 15.0 |
| 12.5 | 12.5 |
| 10 | 10.0 |
| 7.5 | 7.5 |
| 5 | 5.0 |
| 3.5 | 3.5 |
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Drying Shrinkage
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Types of Joints in Rigid Pavements: Longitudinal and Transverse
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The Transverse joints are subdivided into three categories-
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- Construction Joints
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